Syst\u00e8mes mod\u00e8les en biologie mol\u00e9culaire<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nDescription de recherche<\/h2>\n
Notre g\u00e9nome d\u00e9finit largement le comportement des cellules \u00e0 l’int\u00e9rieur de notre corps. Il n’est donc pas surprenant que les cellules canc\u00e9reuses aient appris \u00e0 alt\u00e9rer leur g\u00e9nome afin d’acqu\u00e9rir une capacit\u00e9 de multiplication cellulaire illimit\u00e9e et incontr\u00f4l\u00e9e. Notre unit\u00e9 de recherche r\u00e9unit une \u00e9quipe d’\u00e9tudiants gradu\u00e9s, de stagiaires postdoctoraux et de professionnels de recherche qui combinent leurs efforts afin d’identifier les m\u00e9canismes mol\u00e9culaires utilis\u00e9s par les cellules canc\u00e9reuses pour compromettre l’int\u00e9grit\u00e9 de leur g\u00e9nome.<\/p>\n
Nos efforts courants sont cibl\u00e9s vers la compr\u00e9hension du r\u00f4le de la machinerie du cycle cellulaire dans le contr\u00f4le de la structure de la chromatine durant la mitose. De plus, nous \u00e9tudions une maladie humaine de pr\u00e9disposition au cancer -le syndrome de cassure de Nijmegen- qui est caract\u00e9ris\u00e9e par un d\u00e9faut dans la r\u00e9gulation des voies de signalisation mol\u00e9culaire responsables de la d\u00e9tection des dommages \u00e0 l’ADN et de l\u2019arr\u00eat du cycle cellulaire en r\u00e9ponse \u00e0 ces dommages (i.e., checkpoints). La compr\u00e9hension des d\u00e9fauts mol\u00e9culaires responsables de cette maladie repr\u00e9sente une occasion inestimable pour identifier les facteurs cellulaires responsables du d\u00e9veloppement des cancers. En somme, notre programme de recherche int\u00e8gre plusieurs aspects fondamentaux de la biologie cellulaire, tels que la r\u00e9gulation de la structure de la chromatine et du cycle cellulaire par les prot\u00e9ases et les kinases des voies de transduction du signal.<\/p>\n
Afin de r\u00e9pondre \u00e0 ces questions biologiques, nous utilisons un des meilleurs organismes mod\u00e8les disponibles pour l’analyse de la r\u00e9gulation du cycle cellulaire chez les eucaryotes, la levure Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Nous combinons l’utilisation de ce mod\u00e8le \u00e0 une approche exp\u00e9rimentale bas\u00e9e sur des techniques de pointe de la biologie moderne, incluant la prot\u00e9omique (spectrom\u00e9trie de masse, analyse de phosphorylation, purification de complexes chromatiniens), la biologie cellulaire (microscopie en fluorescence de cellules vivantes, synchronisation cellulaire), et l’analyse de ph\u00e9notypes par g\u00e9n\u00e9tique mol\u00e9culaire. L’utilisation de ces outils nous a permis de r\u00e9v\u00e9ler l’existence d’un nouveau m\u00e9canisme fondamental pour la maintenance de l’int\u00e9grit\u00e9 chromosomique durant la division cellulaire (voir Ratsima et al., [2011] PNAS ; St-Pierre et al., [2009] Molecular Cell ; D’Amours et al., [2004] Cell).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n
\n
Research axis<\/h2>\n\n- Intracellular signaling<\/li>\n
- Mitosis<\/li>\n
- Proteomics<\/li>\n
- Model systems in molecular biology<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Research description<\/h2>\n
Our genome largely defines the behavior of the cells within our body. So, it is not surprising that cancer cells have learned to alter their genome as a means to promote uncontrolled and unlimited cell multiplication. Our research unit gathers a team of graduate students, post-doctoral fellows and research professionals who are combining their efforts to understand the molecular mechanisms used by cancer cells to corrupt the integrity of the human genome.<\/p>\n
Our current efforts are targeted at understanding how changes in chromatin structure are regulated by the cell cycle machinery during mitosis. We also study a human cancer-predisposition disease -the Nijmegen breakage syndrome- characterized by defects in cell cycle checkpoint regulation and genome instability. Cells from patients with this inherited disease have a very severe deficiency in the detection and repair of DNA damage, often resulting in altered chromosome structure. Understanding the molecular defects underlying this disease represent an invaluable opportunity to find key cellular players involved in cancer development. As a whole, our research program integrates fundamental aspects of cell biology such as how cell signaling by proteases and protein kinases regulates cell cycle progression and chromatin structure in dividing cells.<\/p>\n
We address these questions using one of the very best model organism available for the analysis of eukaryotic cell cycle regulation, the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We combine the use of this model organism with cutting edge technologies and experimental approaches, including proteomics (mass spectrometry, phosphorylation analyses, chromatin complex purification), cell biology (live cell microscopy, cell synchronization) and molecular genetic analyses. The use of these tools has allowed us to reveal the existence of a novel and fundamental mechanism necessary for the maintenance of chromosome integrity during cell division (see Ratsima et al., [2011] PNAS ; St-Pierre et al., [2009] Molecular Cell ; D’Amours et al., [2004] Cell; and our Research unit Web site (external) for more details).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n
Publications<\/h3>\n\n- Goldberg M, Stucki M, Falck J, D’Amours D<\/strong>, Rahman D, Pappin D, Bartek J, Jackson SP. MDC1 is required for the intra-S-phase DNA damage checkpoint. Nature <\/em>2003; 421<\/strong>: 952-956.<\/li>\n
- D’Amours D<\/strong>, Stegmeier F, Amon A. Cdc14 and condensin control the dissolution of cohesin-independent chromosome linkages at repeated DNA. Cell <\/em>2004; 117: <\/strong>455-469.<\/li>\n
- St-Pierre J, Douziech M, Bazile F, Pascariu M, Bonneil E, Sauv\u00e9 V, Ratsima H, D\u2019Amours D<\/strong>. Polo kinase regulates mitotic chromosome condensation by hyperactivation of condensin <\/strong>DNA supercoiling activity. Molecular Cell <\/em>2009; 34<\/strong>: 416-426.<\/li>\n
- Roy, M-A, Siddiqui, N, D\u2019Amours, D<\/strong>. Dynamic and selective DNA-binding activity of Smc5, a core component of the Smc5-Smc6 complex. Cell Cycle <\/em>2011; 10<\/strong>: 690-700.<\/li>\n
- Ratsima H, Ladouceur A-M, Pascariu M, Sauv\u00e9 V., Salloum, Z., Maddox PS, D\u2019Amours, D.<\/strong> Independent modulation of the kinase and polo-box activities of Cdc5 protein unravels unique roles in the maintenance of genome stability. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences<\/em> 2011; 108<\/strong>: E914\u2013E923.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Coordonn\u00e9es Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al \u2013 IRIC Pavillon Marcelle-Coutu, Bureau 3306-15 T 514 343-6866 F 514 343-7383 damien.damours@umontreal.ca Publications Goldberg M, Stucki M, Falck J, D’Amours D, Rahman D, Pappin D, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":3557,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-3610","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"\n
D\u2019amours, Damien, Ph.D. - Programmes de biologie mol\u00e9culaire<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/biomol.umontreal.ca\/en\/research\/les-professeurs\/damours-damien-ph-d\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"D\u2019amours, Damien, Ph.D. - Programmes de biologie mol\u00e9culaire\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Coordonn\u00e9es Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al \u2013 IRIC Pavillon Marcelle-Coutu, Bureau 3306-15 T 514 343-6866 F 514 343-7383 damien.damours@umontreal.ca Publications Goldberg M, Stucki M, Falck J, D’Amours D, Rahman D, Pappin D, […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/biomol.umontreal.ca\/en\/research\/les-professeurs\/damours-damien-ph-d\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Programmes de biologie mol\u00e9culaire\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2013-08-16T19:52:18+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"5 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/biomol.umontreal.ca\/en\/research\/les-professeurs\/damours-damien-ph-d\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/biomol.umontreal.ca\/en\/research\/les-professeurs\/damours-damien-ph-d\/\",\"name\":\"D\u2019amours, Damien, Ph.D. - 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